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目的对融水县2005-2015年肺结核流行病学特征进行分析,为肺结核防控提供科学依据。方法采用描述性流行病学方法对融水县2005-2015年报告肺结核病例进行分析。结果融水县2005-2015年累计报告肺结核病例3 672例,年平均报告发病率为67.05/10万,发病总体呈下降趋势(χ2=94.07,P<0.01)。地区分布以永乐镇发病率最高,为124.45/10万,安太乡发病率最低,为39.02/10万,差异有统计学意义(χ2=98.65,P<0.01);男性发病率93.04/10万,女性发病率38.53/10万,男女性别比例为2.41∶1;发病以15~45岁青壮年为主,共报告2 615例,占病例总数的71.21%;病例职业以农民为主,占82.46%。结论融水县肺结核发病呈逐年下降趋势,地区报告发病数及发病率差异较大,并以青壮年和农民为主。今后应调整重点人群和地区的结核病防治策略。
Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of tuberculosis in Rongshui county from 2005 to 2015 and provide a scientific basis for the prevention and control of tuberculosis. Methods Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to analyze the reported cases of tuberculosis in Rongshui county from 2005 to 2015. Results A total of 3 672 pulmonary tuberculosis cases were reported in Rongshui County from 2005 to 2015, with an average annual incidence of 67.05 / 100 000 and a general downward trend (χ2 = 94.07, P <0.01). The highest incidence was 124.45 / 100000 in Yongle Township, and the lowest in An Tai Township was 39.02 / 100000 with a significant difference (χ2 = 98.65, P <0.01). The incidence of males was 93.04 / 100000 , Female incidence 38.53 / 100000, male to female ratio was 2.41:1; incidence of young adults aged 15 to 45, a total of 2 615 cases were reported, accounting for 71.21% of the total number of cases; cases occupations mainly farmers, accounting for 82.46 %. Conclusion The incidence of pulmonary tuberculosis in Rongshui County has been declining year by year. The incidence and incidence of tuberculosis in the area vary greatly, and are mainly young adults and peasants. In the future, the prevention and control strategies for tuberculosis in key populations and regions should be adjusted.