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广西雅长兰科植物自然保护区是我国第一个以兰科植物为保护对象的国家级自然保护区。依据《广西雅长兰科植物自然保护区综合科学考察报告》及相关文献资料,结合社会公共数据,研究了雅长兰科植物自然保护区生态系统涵养水源、土壤保持、固碳释氧、维护生物多样性、净化空气等多项生态功能,并利用市场价值法、机会成本法和影子工程法等评估了其生态功能价值。研究结果表明:雅长兰科植物自然保护区生态系统涵养水源能力为6810.96×104t/a,土壤保持总量为149.62×104t/a,生态系统固定CO2为2.30×104tC/a,释放O2为7.46×104t/a,吸收SO2量为0.17×104t/a,滞尘能力为22.76×104t/a,吸收氟化物和氮氧化物能力分别为54.29 t/a、88.31 t/a;上述功能及维护生物多样性能力价值共计12.68×108元/a,单位面积价值为5.75×104元/a,单位森林面积价值为8.62×104元/a。由此可见,该保护区生态系统生态功能价值巨大,保持其生态系统结构和功能的完整性对野生动植物特别是兰科植物赖以生存的生境至关重要,同时对区域生态环境安全及经济社会可持续发展具有重要意义。
Guangxi Ya-orchid Branch Nature Reserve is China’s first orchid plants to protect the object of the national nature reserve. According to the Report of Comprehensive Scientific Investigation of Guangxi Ya-orchid Branch Nature Reserve and relevant documents and data, we studied the effects of water conservation, soil conservation, carbon fixation and oxygen release, and maintenance on the ecosystem of Ya-orchid Branch Nature Reserve Biological diversity, air purification and many other ecological functions. The value of ecological functions was evaluated by the methods of market value, opportunity cost and shadow engineering. The results showed that the water quality of the ecosystem of Ya-orchidaceae Nature Reserve was 6810.96 × 104t / a, the total amount of soil conservation was 149.62 × 104t / a, the fixed ecosystem CO2 was 2.30 × 104tC / a, and the release of O2 was 7.46 × 104t / a, the amount of absorbed SO2 is 0.17 × 104t / a, the dust-holding ability is 22.76 × 104t / a, and the capacities of absorbing fluoride and nitrogen oxides are 54.29 t / a and 88.31 t / a respectively. The total value of diversity capacity is 12.68 × 108 Yuan / a, the unit area value is 5.75 × 104 Yuan / a, and the unit forest area value is 8.62 × 104 Yuan / a. It can be seen that the ecological function of the ecosystem in this reserve is of great value. It is crucial to maintain the integrity of its ecosystem structure and function for the habitats where wildlife, especially orchids, depend. In the meantime, the ecological and environmental safety and economy of the area Social sustainable development is of great significance.