侧壁未熔合是铝合金厚板窄间隙焊接过程中很容易出现的焊接缺陷。通过采用电机驱动弯曲导电嘴摆动来控制电弧的偏转,解决了侧壁熔合不良的问题。通过正交试验法以及单因素变量法,研究了不同焊接工艺参数对6061-T6铝合金板侧壁熔深的影响规律。结果表明,摆动角度是影响侧壁熔深的主要因素,其次是焊接速度和侧壁停留时间。对于坡口底部宽度10 mm、顶部宽度13 mm的U型坡口,最优的焊接工艺参数为摆动角度50°、侧壁停留时间0.5 s、摆动速度350°/s、送丝速度11 m/min、焊接速度200 mm/min。以最优的工艺参数为参考,实现了40 mm厚6061-T6铝合金厚板的单道多层窄间隙焊接,获得了侧壁熔合良好的焊接接头。热处理后的接头平均抗拉强度达到246.7 MPa。 Side wall is not welded aluminum plate narrow gap welding process is prone to welding defects. The deflection of the arc is controlled by adopting a motor-driven bending nozzle swing, which solves the problem of poor fusion of the sidewall. The effects of different welding parameters on the penetration depth of 6061-T6 aluminum alloy plate were studied by orthogonal test and single-factor method. The results show that the swing angle is the main factor affecting the penetration depth of the sidewalls, followed by the welding speed and the sidewall dwell time. For the U-groove with 10 mm bottom width and 13 mm top width, the optimum welding parameters are swinging angle 50 °, sidewall dwell time 0.5 s, swinging speed 350 ° / s, wire feeding speed 11 m / min, welding speed 200 mm / min. Taking the best process parameters as the reference, single-channel multi-gap narrow gap welding of 40 mm thick 6061-T6 aluminum alloy plate was achieved, and the welded joint with good sidewall fusion was obtained. The average tensile strength after heat treatment reached 246.7 MPa.