一损伤的原因及部位造成中长跑和竟走运动员损伤的主要原因是：训练方法不当，训练量和强度过大，速度负荷递增过猛，经常在过硬或不平坦的路面上训练，肌肉力量薄弱，柔韧性与协调性差和穿鞋不合适等,运动员最常见的损历为小腿损伤．踝部损伤、膝部损伤、脚部损伤和绳肌损伤。 One of the main causes of damage and the parts that cause injury to the middle and long distance runners and athletes are: improper training methods, excessive training and intensity, excessive speed load increase, frequent training on hard or uneven roads, weak muscle strength , Poor flexibility and coordination and shoes inappropriate, etc., the most common athlete’s injury calendar calf injury. Ankle injury, knee injury, foot injury and rope damage.