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获取钻头的实时位置是非开挖水平定向钻进成功实施的关键因素,为提高水平定向钻定位技术的精度和适用范围,提出一种基于地面磁标的定位方法,在地面布置Φ50mm×300mm永磁体信标,其轴线与水平面平行,利用钻具上安装的由5个三轴磁强计、1个三轴加速度计和1个三轴陀螺仪构成的传感器阵列测量磁信标在钻头附近的磁梯度张量解算钻头位置。对该定位模型进行仿真实验表明该定位方法在深度和水平方向的定位精度均较高,理论上通过调整磁信标位置、永磁体数量、磁强计精度和基线长度在足够大的钻进深度和距离内保持定位相对误差小于1%,同时证明在有限钻具空间内基线越长,定位精度越高。实测实验表明环境干扰磁场对该方法的影响非常小,具有良好的实际效果。该定位方法满足非开挖水平定向钻进施工时的实时定位导向要求,操作简单,对场地条件要求低,大大提高了水平定向钻进定位的效率和适用范围。
To obtain the real-time position of the drill bit is the key factor for the successful implementation of horizontal directional drilling in horizontal trench excavation. To improve the accuracy and application range of the horizontal directional drilling technology, a positioning method based on the surface magnetic marker is proposed. The permanent magnet with Φ50mm × 300mm The axis of the magnetic beacon is parallel to the horizontal plane. A magnetic sensor array measuring 5 beacons near the drill bit Tensor solution bit position. The simulation results show that the positioning method has high positioning accuracy both in depth and in horizontal direction. Theoretically, by adjusting the position of magnetic beacon, the number of permanent magnets, the accuracy of magnetometer and the length of base line, And the relative position error within less than 1%, and at the same time prove that the longer the baseline in the limited drilling space, the higher the positioning accuracy. Experimental results show that the impact of environmental magnetic interference on the method is very small, with good practical results. The positioning method can meet the requirements of real-time positioning during the construction of directional excavation at the level of non-excavation. The method has the advantages of simple operation, low requirements on the site conditions and greatly enhanced the efficiency and the applicable scope of horizontal directional drilling.