基础研究是整个科技创新活动的基础和源泉。通过对美国基础研究投入情况总结与分析，为我国基础研究经费投入及绩效评估工作提供借鉴。本文系统分析了美国联邦政府基础研究投入与执行、基础研究经费管理经验，结合我国实际情况，提出了加大基础研究投入力度、充分发挥政府的引导和支持作用、构建有效的协调机制和加强基础研究经费绩效评估等相关政策建议，对我国未来基础研究经费管理提供经验借鉴。“,”Basic research is the basis and source for innovation activities of science and technology.It is very important for the development of economy and society. This paper analyzes the characteristics of the U.S. federal government basic research inputting and management experience.It can afford China beneficial lessons on basic research inputting and it ’s performance evaluation.This paper puts forward policy suggestion including increasing basic research investment ,thinking highly of importance of government investment, and strengthening basic research performance evaluation.