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法制在建立社会主义市场经济体制中,主要有以下3方面的作用:第一,引导作用。我国的宪法和经济法律,体现了党的基本路线和关于实行社会主义市场经济的方针政策,对于建立和完善市场经济,起着引导作用。例如,宪法关于以公有制为主体、多种经济成分长期并存的所有制结构,国有经济是国民经济中的主导力量,国家实行社会主义市场经济,农村中的家庭联产承包为主的责任制是劳动群众集体所有制经济等规定,以宪法的形式确认了我国经济体制改革的一项基本原则,引导市场经济向健康方向发展。又如,全民所有制工业企业法关于国有企业是依法自主经营、自负盈亏、独立核算的社会主义商品生产和经营单位;对国有财产,国家依照所有权和经营权分离的原则授予企业经营管理,企业对国家授予其经营管理的财产享有占有、使用和依法处分的权利等,对转换国有企业的经营机制,起着引导的作用。
In establishing the socialist market economic system, the legal system mainly has the following three roles: First, the guiding role. Our constitution and economic laws embody the party’s basic line and the guidelines and policies on the implementation of a socialist market economy, and play a guiding role in establishing and improving a market economy. For example, the constitutional ownership structure that takes public ownership as its mainstay and its various economic components coexist for a long time, the state-owned economy is the leading force in the national economy, the state’s system of socialist market economy, and the household-based contractual system in rural areas, The mass collective ownership economy and other provisions of the Constitution confirmed in the form of a basic principle of China’s economic structural reform and guide the market economy to the healthy direction. In another example, the law on the ownership of industrial enterprises under the ownership of the state stipulates that state-owned enterprises are units for the production and management of social commodities that operate independently, assume sole responsibility for their own profits and losses and independently account for them. They grant business management to state-owned properties and the state in accordance with the principle of separation of ownership and management rights, The property granted by the State to its operation and management enjoys the right to possession, use and disposal according to law, and plays a guiding role in transforming the operating mechanism of state-owned enterprises.