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通过提出应用于广域次声传感器阵列的最小方差法信号源定位模型,分析了阵列信号相关系数特征和本地次声波实时大气传播特性,对阵列阵元数量、阵元组成结构引起的定位误差以及本地次声波的真实大气传播射线进行仿真,并利用中国境内布置的广域次声传感器网络监测到了2013年4月20日四川芦山(雅安)地震的瑞利波激发的本地次声波,验证了上述模型和仿真,结合中国地震台网的国内的地震监测台站数据,从信号走时、信号互相关系数、小波时频图、质点运动轨迹等方面进行了分析与对比,并使用广域最小方差法搜索的算法对次声波和地震波进行定位,结果显示:各次声站点接收到由地震瑞利波引起次声站附近地表震动产生并垂直地表向上传播的次声波,在地震瑞利波之后到达,而且相关系数都达到0.6~0.9,计算得到次声波源方位角为230°(以北京为原点),距离震中小于150km,而且本地次声波受大气传播影响较小,能够较容易的被广域次声阵列探测到,因此地震本地次声波监测能够作为地震监测、研究地面起伏运动与大气波动关系的有效手段.
Based on the least square method signal source localization model applied to the wide-area infrasound sensor array, the correlation coefficients of the array signals and the real-time local acoustic propagation characteristics of infrasound were analyzed. The number of array elements, the positioning error caused by the array element structure, The real atmospheric propagation ray of infrasonic wave was simulated and the local infrasound wave excited by Rayleigh waves of the Lushan (Ya’an) earthquake on April 20, 2013 was monitored by using the wide-area infrasound sensor network in China. The above model and simulation were verified Based on the data from the domestic seismic monitoring stations in China Seismological Network, this paper analyzes and compares the signal travel time, the signal cross-correlation coefficient, the wavelet time-frequency map and the trajectory of particle motion, and uses the algorithm of wide-area minimum variance search The location of the infrasound and the seismic wave are shown. The results show that each acoustic station receives the infrasonic wave caused by the surface Rayleigh wave caused by the seismic Rayleigh wave and produced by the vertical surface up-and-down, and arrives after the Rayleigh waves, and the correlation coefficients reach 0.6 ~ 0.9, the calculated azimuth of infrasound source is 230 ° (taking Beijing as the origin) Less than 150km, and local infrasound less affected by atmospheric propagation, can more easily be detected by an array of wide area infrasound, so local earthquake infrasound monitoring seismic monitoring can be used as an effective means of ground motion and downs of the relationship between atmospheric waves research.