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分子束表面散射技术是研究气体-表面相互作用动力学的强有力的工具。它的主要突破是在于从分子(原子)量度来揭示诸如催化、腐蚀、吸附、解吸和能量适应等宏观的气体-表面过程。同时,它也是表面分析的手段之一。本文概述了气体-表面相互作用的基本原理,实验装置与技术,评论了这种技术作为表面分析(包括表面结构、德拜温度、声子谱、吸附质及气体-表面相互作用势)及作为表面研究(包括表面吸附与解吸动力学以及表面反应的机制)的原理与实验结果。最后简单地讨论了这种技术的优缺点及今后发展。
Molecular beam surface scattering is a powerful tool for studying gas-surface interaction dynamics. Its main breakthrough lies in the discovery of macroscopic gas-surface processes such as catalysis, corrosion, adsorption, desorption and energy adaptation from molecular (atomic) measurements. At the same time, it is also one of the means of surface analysis. This paper presents an overview of the basic principles of gas-surface interaction, experimental setups and techniques, and reviews the use of this technique for surface analysis (including surface structure, Debye temperature, phonon spectroscopy, adsorbates, and gas-surface interaction potentials) The principle and experimental results of surface studies (including the kinetics of surface adsorption and desorption and the mechanism of surface reactions). Finally, simply discuss the advantages and disadvantages of this technology and future development.