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目的： 探讨补充四种营养素对仔鼠脑发育的影响。方法： 以ＳＤ大鼠为实验动物，自怀孕日起随机将母鼠分为两组：１．补充营养组（补充组，ＳＧ），母鼠孕期２１ 天至哺乳第２１ 天在对照组标准颗粒饲料的基础上，每百克饲料补充营养素：二十二碳六烯酸（ＤＨＡ）原料药：〔ＤＨＡ３１．７％ ，二十碳五烯酸（ＥＰＡ）４２．３％ 〕１６０ｍ ｇ；牛磺酸０．６ｇ；硫酸锌１２０ｍ ｇ；叶酸１４０μｇ；２．对照组（ＣＧ）：标准颗粒饲料。分别于仔鼠出生后不同时期（新生期、脑生长突发期、断乳期）观察其脑重、体重、精神行为发育，学习记忆能力，自发运动状况，并测定脑内不同脑区（皮层、海马和小脑）的ＤＮＡ、ＲＮＡ 的浓度、蛋白质和微量无素的含量及ＡＬＰ、ＳＯＤ酶活性。 结果： 补充组的仔鼠脑重均较对照组重，两组间存在显著性差异（Ｐ＜ ０．０５）；仔鼠的精神行为发育、吸乳迷津分辨学习（ＡＤＬ）和抑制性回避反应（ＬＡ）学习行为、自发运动等多项指标均优于对照组，脑内ＳＯＤ活性也有明显的增加。结论： 上述变化可能与脑内尤其是皮层、海马等ＤＮＡ、ＲＮＡ合成增加及脑内神经细胞的磷脂代谢改变有关。
Objective: To investigate the effects of four nutrients on brain development of offspring. Methods: SD rats were used as experimental animals. The pregnant rats were randomly divided into two groups from the first trimester of pregnancy: 1. Dietary supplementation group (SG), maternal mothers 21 days to lactation on the 21st day Based on the control group standard pellets, supplemental nutrients per hundred grams of dietary supplements: docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) API: [DHA 31.7%, eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) 42.3%] 160 m g; taurine 0.6 g; zinc sulfate 120 m g; folic acid 140 μg; Control group (CG): standard pellet feed. The brain weight, body weight, mental and behavioral development, learning and memory ability, spontaneous motor status were observed at different stages after birth (neonatal period, brain growth burst and weaning period), and the brain regions (cortex , Hippocampus and cerebellum) DNA, RNA concentration, protein and trace element content and ALP, SOD activity. Results: The brain weights of pups in the supplemented group were heavier than those in the control group, with significant differences between the two groups (P <0.05). The mental behavioral development, suckling maze discrimination (ADL) and inhibitory avoidance (LA) learning behavior, spontaneous exercise and many other indicators are better than the control group, brain SOD activity also increased significantly. Conclusion: The above changes may be related to the brain, especially the cortex, hippocampus and other DNA, RNA synthesis and increased brain phospholipid metabolism.