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有机质是土壤的重要组成部分,是判定土壤质量动态变化的重要标准。以操作简单、价格便宜、易于获得的数码相机作为工具,提取黑土表面颜色信息,定量化研究黑土表面颜色与其有机质含量之间的关系。研究结果表明,通过灰度直方图统计来获取图像最大值的方式可以有效消除因主观因素和非土壤物质对图像RGB值造成的影响,显著提高了与有机质的相关性。在RGB三波段中,R波段灰度值与有机质相关性最高,其相关系数为-0.7432。对RGB三波段进行相应数学变换后,其中倒数回归模型的预测效果最好,其R2=0.7339,RMSE=0.3907,检验结果 R2val=0.7405,RMSEval=0.265。数码相机获取的RGB三波段建立的预测模型,稳定性强,预测能力高,可作为黑土区有机质快速测定的可选工具。
Organic matter is an important part of soil and is an important criterion for determining the dynamic change of soil quality. The simple, cheap and easy-to-obtain digital camera was used as a tool to extract the color information of black soil surface and to quantitatively study the relationship between the surface color of black soil and its organic matter content. The results show that the method of obtaining the maximum of the image by gray histogram statistics can effectively eliminate the influence of subjective and non-soil substances on the RGB values of the images, and significantly improve the correlation with the organic matter. In the RGB band, the correlation between the R band gray value and the organic matter is the highest, with a correlation coefficient of -0.7432. After the corresponding three-band RGB transform, the reciprocal regression model has the best prediction effect, R2 = 0.7339, RMSE = 0.3907, R2val = 0.7405 and RMSEval = 0.265. The RGB three-band prediction model obtained by the digital camera has strong stability and high prediction ability, and can be used as an optional tool for the rapid determination of organic matter in black soil area.