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目的了解汶川地震青川灾区青少年精神心理疾病患病情况。方法青川灾区7~17岁儿童青少年中,按等比例分层整群的抽样方法随机抽取1440名作为调查对象,调查对象为儿童青少年本人、家长多方信息人,以长处和困难问卷(SDQ)、《儿童事件影响量表(C IES)》及自编《一般情况调查表》为调查的筛查工具,根据DSM-Ⅳ诊断标准做出最终诊断。结果 1440例调查对象中精神疾病患者98例时点患病率为6.81%。各类精神疾病中以创伤后应激障碍的时点患病率最高4.03%;,焦虑障碍16例,患病率为1.11%;抑郁障碍15例,患病率为1.04%。结论汶川地震青川灾区青少年存在明显的心理障碍,精神疾病患病率高,女性时点患病率高于男性时点患病率,农村时点患病率高于城市。各类精神疾病中又以创伤后应激障碍为主。
Objective To understand the prevalence of mental illness in adolescents in Qingchuan disaster-hit area of Wenchuan earthquake. Methods A total of 1440 children aged 7 to 17 years old from Qingchuan were selected randomly according to the stratified cluster sampling method. Subjects were children and adolescents and parents, The Children’s Incidence Scale (C IES) and self-compiled General Survey were used as screening tools to make a final diagnosis based on the DSM-IV diagnostic criteria. Results The prevalence rate of 98 cases of mental illness in 1440 subjects was 6.81%. The prevalence rate of post-traumatic stress disorder in all kinds of mental diseases was 4.03% at the peak; 16 cases were anxiety disorders, the prevalence was 1.11%; 15 cases were depressive disorders, the prevalence was 1.04%. Conclusion Adolescents in Qingchuan disaster area of Wenchuan earthquake have obvious mental disorders, and the prevalence of mental illness is high. The prevalence rate in women is higher than that in men. The prevalence rate in rural areas is higher than that in urban areas. All kinds of mental illness and post-traumatic stress disorder.