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水稻属喜温性作物,低温冷害造成水稻减产是显著的。目前,水稻冷害已成为国际上带有普遍性的重大问题。我国严重冷害的机率一般为三至四年一次,根据各地低温气象资料和水稻产量的相关分析,我国每年因冷害损失稻谷约30～50亿公斤。世界各国对水稻冷害的研究十分重视,而选用耐冷品种是防御冷害最为有效的方法之一。本研究之目的在于通过对江苏省水稻地方品种、改良品种和国外引进品种的耐冷性鉴定,筛选出耐低温的种质资源,提供育种作亲本或生产直接利用。
Rice is a thermophilic crop, low temperature chilling injury caused by rice is significant. At present, the chilling injury of rice has become a major issue of universality in the world. The chances of severe chilling damage in China are generally three to four years. According to the relevant analysis of low-temperature meteorological data and rice production in various places, about 30 to 5 billion kilograms of rice are lost each year in China due to chilling injury. Many countries in the world attach great importance to the research on chilling injury of rice, and selecting cold-tolerant varieties is one of the most effective ways to prevent cold damage. The purpose of this study is to identify cold-tolerant germplasm resources of rice landraces, improved varieties and imported varieties introduced from Jiangsu Province, and to screen for low-temperature resistant germplasm resources to provide breeding for their parents or their direct utilization.