自发性气胸 (SP)是呼吸系统常见病 ,根据典型病史、体征及特异性 X线表现 ,诊断一般并不困难。但当 SP继发于慢性阻塞性肺疾病 (COPD)时 ,则较易发生误诊。近年来 ,我们收治该类患者 6 7例 ,其中误诊 39例 ,现对误诊原因进行分析。一般资料 :本组男 34例 ,女 5例 ;年龄 45～ 84 Spontaneous pneumothorax (SP) is a common respiratory disease, according to the typical history, signs and specific X-ray findings, the diagnosis is generally not difficult. But when SP secondary to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), then more prone to misdiagnosis. In recent years, we admitted 67 cases of such patients, of which 39 cases were misdiagnosed, the reasons for misdiagnosis are now analyzed. General information: The group of 34 males and 5 females; aged 45 to 84