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春玉米生育期水分亏缺是制定玉米区划的重要依据,了解其时空和季节变化,可以为水资源合理利用提供参考。该文基于通辽市、赤峰市25个气象观测站1961—2014年逐日气象资料,近30多年玉米发育期资料,采用FAO 1998年推荐使用的Penman-Monteith模型和参考作物法,对该研究区春玉米的降水亏缺格局进行了分析。结果表明:春玉米各生育期各观测站降水均为亏缺。需水量随季节的变化差异很大,但降水亏缺量变化规律并不明显。玉米主要生育期需水量总的变化趋势是以开鲁县到敖汉旗这一带为高值中心,向西北部东南部逐渐递减;降水亏缺指数以中部为高值区,北部、西南部和东南部为低值区。
Water deficit during the growth of spring maize is an important basis for the development of maize regionalization. Understanding its spatial and temporal variations can provide a reference for the rational utilization of water resources. Based on the daily meteorological data of 25 meteorological stations in Tongliao City and Chifeng City from 1961 to 2014 and the data of maize development over the past 30 years, the Penman-Monteith model recommended by FAO in 1998 and the reference crop method were used to study the spring Corn deficit pattern was analyzed. The results showed that the precipitation of each observational station in spring maize was deficient. Water demand varies greatly with the seasons, but the variation of the deficit of precipitation is not obvious. The general trend of water demand during the main growth stages of maize is as high value center in Kaolu County to Aohan Banner and gradually decrease to the southeast of the northwest. The precipitation deficit index takes the central high value area, the north, the southwest and Southeast of the low value area.