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本研究旨在提高扭摆精度。 扭摆采用大理石——这取自地球的天然材料作摆盘;通过试验,挑选了Q值高、内耗小、剪切模量温度系数接近于零的恒弹性合金丝作为吊丝。特别是,我们把Saxl类型的每周期吸合一次的间断振荡摆回复到小阻尼情况下的自由振荡摆,减少对摆振动的人为干预;增加真空条件,以减少周围环境干扰,延长了阻尼时间;同时在摆盘中央安放多面反射镜环,增加测量点,变一周期仅测一次时间为同一周期测四次以上。这就提供了用计算机求阻尼振荡方程θi=Ae~(-t_i/τ)sin(ωt_i+φ)数值解的条件,不但可直接测得周期T的变化,而且可望计算得振幅A、阻尼时间τ、初相角φ的变化。另外,在光电接收方面也作了一些改进。通过这些措施,我室的精密扭摆对周期的探测精度已比美国Sяxl 1964年发表第一篇文章时的扭摆精度提高100倍;比其运转17年,经一再改进的扭摆精度提高10倍。测量有效数字6位至7位,周期相对误差一般达2×10~(-6),最佳状况可达8×10~(-7),基本达到预期设计要求,为将来探测引力异常,“区分长期间与短期间内频率起伏”提供了可能性。
The purpose of this study is to improve the accuracy of torsion. The twist is made of marble - a natural material taken from the earth for wobble. Through tests, we choose a constant elasticity alloy wire with high Q value, small internal friction and close to zero temperature coefficient of shear modulus. In particular, we return the intermittent oscillations of the Saxl type once per cycle back to the free oscillations of the small damping case to reduce human intervention on the pendulum vibration, increase the vacuum conditions to reduce the ambient noise and prolong the damping time ; At the same time placed in the middle of the plate placed mirror mirror ring to increase the measuring point, change only once a period of time measured for the same period more than four times. This provides a computer simulation of damping oscillation equation θi = Ae ~ (-t_i / τ) sin (ωt_i + φ) numerical solution conditions, not only can directly measure the change of period T, and is expected to be calculated amplitude A, damping Time τ, initial phase angle φ changes. In addition, some improvements have also been made in the optical receiver. Through these measures, the precise detection accuracy of our room for precision wobble has been 100 times higher than that of Sialxl when the first article was published in 1964 in the United States. After 17 years of operation, the accuracy of wiggling has been improved by a factor of 10 with improved accuracy. The effective number of 6th-7th place is measured, the relative error of cycle is 2 × 10 -6, and the best condition is up to 8 × 10-7, basically meeting the expected design requirements. For the future detection of gravitation anomaly, Distinguish between long-term and short-term fluctuations in frequency "provides the possibility.