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针对三维形貌测量中结构光照明系统投影速度慢、结构复杂、在线集成困难的问题,提出了一种基于声光栅的变频条纹投射系统。该系统利用拍频信号驱动声光偏转器,在声光晶体中形成两个重叠的光栅,光源发出的激光以布拉格角入射,形成两束一级衍射光,经透镜聚焦形成光强按正弦规律分布的结构光条纹。建立了数学模型,同时提出了一种新的相位凝固技术,使条纹空间频率和相位的变化规律得到了很好的解释。该系统结构紧凑、体积小,全电控可调,无任何机械移动部件,具有条纹投影速度快、精度高、动态可编程的特点。应用该系统对石膏像形貌进行测量,获得了用于三维成像的相位图。该投射系统对于解决复杂几何形状物体的三维测量问题具有较高的工程应用价值。
In order to solve the problem of slow projection speed, complex structure and difficult integration in the three-dimensional topography, a frequency-variable fringe projection system based on acoustic grating is proposed. The system uses the beat signal to drive the acousto-optic deflector to form two overlapping rasters in the acousto-optic crystal. The laser emitted by the light source is incident at the Bragg angle to form two first-order diffracted lights, and the light intensity is focused by the lens to form a sine law Light distribution structure stripes. A mathematical model is established. At the same time, a new phase solidification technique is proposed, which gives a good explanation of the variation rule of the frequency and phase of fringe space. The system has the features of compact structure, small size, adjustable electric control, no mechanical moving parts, fast stripe projection speed, high precision and dynamic programmable characteristics. The system was used to measure the gypsum appearance and get the phase diagram for 3D imaging. The projection system has high engineering application value for solving the three-dimensional measurement problem of complex geometric objects.