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我国大中型水电站大都是采用T-100型(或苏制P-100型)调速器控制水轮发电机组的转速的。这些调速器投入运行以来,普遍发现有以下主要缺陷:(一)开机时主配压阀产生强烈震动和响声,造成表计损坏、连接部件松动、油管破裂等情况,有的则不能自动开机,甚至根本无法开机;(二)自动运行时,飞摆、主配压阀和接力器产生过大的、快速的周期性摆动,不仅加速了调速器的磨损,同时运行人员也只好把调速器改为手动操作;(三)在限制负荷运行条件下,甩负荷时,调速器主配压阀动作具有很大的滞后时间,引起机组过速;(四)飞摆电动机温升过高等。这些缺陷,都直接威胁着电站的安全经济运行。几年来,各有关单位对上述缺陷曾采取过不同的处理措施,取得了一定的效果;但由于没有确切地找到造成缺陷的根源,因而一直未得到彻底消除。1961年,水利水电建设总局和水利水电科学研究院联合组成了调速器工作组,在吸取过去处理经验的基础上,进一步对T-100型调速器的运行情况以及存在的主要缺陷,进行了调查和分析,并于1962年在玉渊潭水电站进行了多次试验,总结出了“开机震动原因分析及其处理措施”和“由永磁机引起调速器摆动的原因分析及其处理措施”两篇文章。这两篇文章初步找出了产生缺陷的根源,提出了消除开机震动、主配压阀跳动的简易措施。为了便于有关单位参考,本刊特将两篇文章并在一起发表。
Most large and medium hydropower stations in our country use the T-100 type (or Soviet-made P-100 type) governor to control the speed of the hydro-generator set. These governors have been put into operation, the following major defects are generally found: (A) the main pressure regulating valve when the boot has a strong vibration and sound, causing meter damage, loose parts, tubing rupture, etc., and some can not automatically boot , Or even simply can not boot; (B) automatic operation, flying pendulum, the main pressure valve and relay produce excessive, rapid cyclical swing, not only accelerated the wear and tear of the governor, but also had to adjust the operator (3) under the condition of limited load operation, when the load is released, the main pressure regulating valve of the governor has a great lag time and causes the unit to over-speed; (4) The temperature of the flying motor over higher. These defects all directly threaten the safe and economical operation of the power station. Over the past few years, all relevant units have taken different measures to deal with the above-mentioned shortcomings and achieved certain results. However, they have not been completely eliminated because they did not find the exact cause of the defects. In 1961, the General Administration of Water Conservancy and Hydropower and the Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower jointly formed a governor working group. On the basis of drawing on the experience gained in the past, further carried out the operation of the T-100 governor and its main shortcomings Investigated and analyzed, and carried out many experiments at Yuyuantan Hydropower Station in 1962, and summed up the causes and solutions of the cause of vibration and the treatment of the governor caused by permanent magnet machine. Two articles. These two articles preliminarily found the root causes of the defects and put forward the simple measures to eliminate the starting vibration and the main pressure valve beating. In order to facilitate the reference of the relevant units, this article put together two articles published together.