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国有企业改革的方向是建立现代企业制度,使公司制成为公有制的主要实现形式。实现这一目标,实际包含两个方面的改革:一是在制度层面上通过股权多元化,建立“产权清晰、权责明确、政企分开、管理科学”的法人治理结构,使企业按照效益最大化目标和市场经济的规则规范运行,解决国有企业动力不足、权力失衡、监督失效等弊端;二是为国有企业进入市场创造自身方面的条件,包括解除传统体制遗留的历史包袱和社会负担,使国有企业成为真正市场化的经济组织,集中资源做强做大主业。
The direction of state-owned enterprise reform is to establish a modern enterprise system and to make the company the main form of public ownership. To achieve this goal, the actual reform contains two aspects: First, at the institutional level through equity diversification, the establishment of “clear property rights, clear powers and responsibilities, separate government and enterprise management science,” the corporate governance structure so that enterprises in accordance with The maximization of efficiency and the rules and regulations of a market economy to solve the drawbacks of lack of motivation, power imbalance and oversight of state-owned enterprises. The second is to create conditions for the state-owned enterprises to enter the market, including lifting the historical burden and social burden left over by the traditional system So that state-owned enterprises can become truly market-oriented economic organizations and concentrate their resources on strengthening and expanding their main businesses.