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本试验以6份新育成的抗除草剂籼型恢复系为父本,5份生产上广泛应用的不育系为母本,采用不完全双列杂交设计配制了30份杂交组合,对其苗期除草剂抗性和主要农艺性状配合力进行了分析。除草剂抗性鉴定表明,亲本恢复系及三系杂交组合抗性接近完全,两系杂交组合抗性达90%以上。配合力分析表明,不育系除单株有效穗数外其他农艺性状的一般配合力均达到极显著差异;恢复系间一般配合力在所有性状中均达到显著或极显著差异;杂交组合间特殊配合力方差仅在单株产量、结实率、播始历期和千粒重4个性状中达到显著或极显著差异。不育系中,金科1A在单株产量、结实率等7个性状上的一般配合力均为最高,但其特殊配合力方差最小;广占63-4S在千粒重性状上具有最高的一般配合力、最大的特殊配合力方差,在播始历期上具有最高的一般配合力负效应;C815S在株高上的一般配合力负效应最大,同时特殊配合力方差较高。恢复系中,华抗恢101在单株有效穗数上具有最高的一般配合力和特殊配合力方差;华抗恢104在穗长上具有最高的一般配合力,在播始历期上具有最高的一般配合力负效应;华抗恢105在单株产量、结实率等性状上具有最高的一般配合力,在株高上具有最高的一般配合力负效应;华抗恢106在千粒重性状上具有最高的一般配合力和特殊配合力效应方差。利用抗除草剂恢复系配制杂交组合,不仅可以改良其除草剂抗性,也可以通过广泛测配,选择一般配合力强、特殊配合力方差大的亲本配组育成强优势组合。
In this experiment, 6 newly-developed herbicide resistant indica restorer lines were used as the male parent and 5 widely used sterile lines as the female parent. 30 hybrid combinations were prepared by incomplete diallel cross design. Herbicide resistance and combining ability of the main agronomic traits were analyzed. The identification of herbicide resistance showed that the resistance of the restorer line and the three-line hybrid combination was almost complete, and the resistance of the two-line hybrid combination was more than 90%. The analysis of combining ability showed that the general combining ability of other agronomic traits except for the effective panicles of sterile lines reached extremely significant differences. The general combining ability of restorer lines reached significant or extremely significant difference among all the traits. The variance of combining ability reached significant or extremely significant difference only in four traits per plant, seed setting rate, sowing date and 1000-grain weight. In sterile line, the branch of Jinke 1A had the highest total combining ability on the seven traits, such as yield per plant and seed setting rate, but had the least variance on the special combining ability. The highest proportion of 63-4S had the highest general combining ability Force and the maximum variance of special combining ability had the highest negative effect of general combining ability during the initial duration. The general combining ability of C815S had the greatest negative effect on plant height and the higher the variance of special combining ability. In the restorer lines, Hua-Kang-Hui 101 had the highest general combining ability and the special combining ability variance on the effective panicle number per plant; Hua-Kang-Hui 104 had the highest general combining ability on panicle length and had the highest With the highest general combining ability negative effect; Hua Kang Hui 105 has the highest general combining ability in the yield per plant, seed setting rate and other characteristics, and has the highest negative effect of general combining ability on the plant height; Huaqianhui 106 has The highest general combining ability and the special combining ability effect variance. The use of herbicide-resistant lines to make hybrid combinations not only improves their herbicide resistance, but also allows them to select strong parental combinations with strong general combining ability and special combining ability variance through extensive mating testing.