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摘要: 目的:观察药物明胶海绵治疗干槽症的疗效。方法:64例干槽症患者随机分成试验组和对照组,每组32例。试验组患者的牙槽窝中放入浸有碘仿、替硝唑、地塞米松混合糊剂的药物明胶海绵,对照组患者的牙槽窝中放入碘仿明胶海绵,比较两组的疗效。结果:试验组患者疗效显著者29例,有效3例。对照组患者疗效显著者11例,有效21例。试验组患者疗效显著者所占比例(90.63%),明显高于对照组(34.38%),差异具有统计学意义(P<0.01) 结论:采用浸有碘仿、替硝唑、地塞米松混合糊剂的药物明胶海绵是治疗干槽症行之有效的方法。
关键词:干槽症; 药物明胶海绵; 碘仿明胶海绵 Abstract:OBJECTIVE: To observe the treatment effects of alveolalgia by medical gelatin sponge. METHODS: This article randomly divides sisty-four cases of alveolalgia patients into a test group and a control group. Each group includes thirty-two cases. Medical gelatin sponge soaked by iodoform, tinidazole and dexamethasone mixed paste is filled into the alveolar fossa of the patients in the test group. On the other hand, iodoform gelatin sponge is filled into that of the patients in the control group. Then I have compared the treatment effects of the two groups. RESULTS: Twenty-nine cases among the patients in the test group have outstanding treatment results and three have effective results. Eleven cases among the patients in the control group have extraordinary treatment results and twenty-one have effective results. That is, the percentage of patients with outstanding treatment results in the test group is 90.63 per cent, which is obviously higher than that in the control group--- 34.38 per cent. The difference makes sense statistically (P<0.01). CONCLUSION: Medical gelatin sponge soaked by iodoform, tinidazole and dexamethasone mixed paste is an effective method to cure alveolalgia.
【中图分类号】R453【文献标识码】 A【文章编号】1002-3763(2014)09-0021-01 干槽症是拔牙术后常见并发症,属骨创伤性慢性感染,多见于下颌阻生第三磨牙拔取术后。病理表现为血块的分解、破坏、脱落,继而骨壁暴露,并且发生多处小的坏死灶。干槽症的病因复杂,主要有感染、创伤、解剖以及纤维蛋白溶解学说[1]。发生干槽症后,患者疼痛剧烈,可有放射痛,服用止痛药效果不好;患者张口受限,口腔有腐败臭味;重者出现低热,全身不适,区域淋巴结肿大等。2005-2013年,笔者采用浸有碘仿、替硝唑、地塞米松混合糊剂的药物明胶海绵是治疗32例患者的干槽症,操作简单,收到良好效果。
1 材料与方法
1.1 一般资料: 选择2005-2013年在口腔科就诊确诊为干槽症的64例患者为研究对象,其中男性28例,女性34例,年龄22-60岁。干槽癥的诊断标准:患者拔牙2-3天后出现剧烈疼痛,可向耳颞部、颌下区或者头顶部放射,拔牙窝空虚或有腐败坏死的渗出物,有恶臭,伴有不同程度的张口受限及全身症状[2]。
1.2 药物配制:碾磨成粉的替硝唑和碘仿各0.5克混合加入2ml质量浓度为5mg/ml的地塞米松磷酸钠溶液在无菌玻璃板上调匀,制成糊剂,浸入明胶海绵块,剪成小块备用。
1.3 治疗方法:在2%利多卡因阻滞麻醉生效后,用3%的双氧水棉球反复擦拭牙槽窝,必要时用刮匙刮除腐败坏死组织,直至将坏死组织去净,待棉球清洁无臭味后用生理盐水冲洗拔牙窝,直至牙槽窝内充满新鲜血液。治疗组用浸有碘仿、替硝唑、地塞米松混合糊剂的药物明胶海绵置于拔牙窝内,松紧适度。对照组用明胶海绵蘸碘仿糊剂置于牙槽窝内,松紧适度。记录患者治疗后1天、3天、1周、2周后的临床症状。
1.4 疗效评判标准:疗效评价分为3个等级。显著:治疗1天后疼痛明显缓解,1周后疼痛消失,拔牙窝内有肉芽组织生长。有效:1天后,疼痛轻微缓解,3天后疼痛明显缓解,1周后仍有轻度疼痛,2周后疼痛消失,拔牙窝内有肉芽组织生长。无效:1天、3天疼痛不缓解,2周拔牙创口仍旧空虚,无新生肉芽组织生长。
1.5 统计方法:采用X2检验,对数据进行统计学处理。
2 结果
见表1
3 讨论
关键词:干槽症; 药物明胶海绵; 碘仿明胶海绵 Abstract:OBJECTIVE: To observe the treatment effects of alveolalgia by medical gelatin sponge. METHODS: This article randomly divides sisty-four cases of alveolalgia patients into a test group and a control group. Each group includes thirty-two cases. Medical gelatin sponge soaked by iodoform, tinidazole and dexamethasone mixed paste is filled into the alveolar fossa of the patients in the test group. On the other hand, iodoform gelatin sponge is filled into that of the patients in the control group. Then I have compared the treatment effects of the two groups. RESULTS: Twenty-nine cases among the patients in the test group have outstanding treatment results and three have effective results. Eleven cases among the patients in the control group have extraordinary treatment results and twenty-one have effective results. That is, the percentage of patients with outstanding treatment results in the test group is 90.63 per cent, which is obviously higher than that in the control group--- 34.38 per cent. The difference makes sense statistically (P<0.01). CONCLUSION: Medical gelatin sponge soaked by iodoform, tinidazole and dexamethasone mixed paste is an effective method to cure alveolalgia.
【中图分类号】R453【文献标识码】 A【文章编号】1002-3763(2014)09-0021-01 干槽症是拔牙术后常见并发症,属骨创伤性慢性感染,多见于下颌阻生第三磨牙拔取术后。病理表现为血块的分解、破坏、脱落,继而骨壁暴露,并且发生多处小的坏死灶。干槽症的病因复杂,主要有感染、创伤、解剖以及纤维蛋白溶解学说[1]。发生干槽症后,患者疼痛剧烈,可有放射痛,服用止痛药效果不好;患者张口受限,口腔有腐败臭味;重者出现低热,全身不适,区域淋巴结肿大等。2005-2013年,笔者采用浸有碘仿、替硝唑、地塞米松混合糊剂的药物明胶海绵是治疗32例患者的干槽症,操作简单,收到良好效果。
1 材料与方法
1.1 一般资料: 选择2005-2013年在口腔科就诊确诊为干槽症的64例患者为研究对象,其中男性28例,女性34例,年龄22-60岁。干槽癥的诊断标准:患者拔牙2-3天后出现剧烈疼痛,可向耳颞部、颌下区或者头顶部放射,拔牙窝空虚或有腐败坏死的渗出物,有恶臭,伴有不同程度的张口受限及全身症状[2]。
1.2 药物配制:碾磨成粉的替硝唑和碘仿各0.5克混合加入2ml质量浓度为5mg/ml的地塞米松磷酸钠溶液在无菌玻璃板上调匀,制成糊剂,浸入明胶海绵块,剪成小块备用。
1.3 治疗方法:在2%利多卡因阻滞麻醉生效后,用3%的双氧水棉球反复擦拭牙槽窝,必要时用刮匙刮除腐败坏死组织,直至将坏死组织去净,待棉球清洁无臭味后用生理盐水冲洗拔牙窝,直至牙槽窝内充满新鲜血液。治疗组用浸有碘仿、替硝唑、地塞米松混合糊剂的药物明胶海绵置于拔牙窝内,松紧适度。对照组用明胶海绵蘸碘仿糊剂置于牙槽窝内,松紧适度。记录患者治疗后1天、3天、1周、2周后的临床症状。
1.4 疗效评判标准:疗效评价分为3个等级。显著:治疗1天后疼痛明显缓解,1周后疼痛消失,拔牙窝内有肉芽组织生长。有效:1天后,疼痛轻微缓解,3天后疼痛明显缓解,1周后仍有轻度疼痛,2周后疼痛消失,拔牙窝内有肉芽组织生长。无效:1天、3天疼痛不缓解,2周拔牙创口仍旧空虚,无新生肉芽组织生长。
1.5 统计方法:采用X2检验,对数据进行统计学处理。
2 结果
见表1
3 讨论