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目的:研究早产儿视网膜病变(ROP)的发生率及发病的相关因素。方法:充分散瞳及表面麻醉后,在双目间接检眼镜下用巩膜压迫器压陷眼球周边部一周,观察视网膜血管发育情况。结果:早产儿308例,体重≥2 000 g 121例,<2 000 g187例;发现1期患儿37例,2期患儿14例,3期患儿6例、4期患儿2例,无5期患儿。ROP发生率为19.16%(59/308)。ROP组与非ROP组出生体重、孕周数、高碳酸血症发生率、吸氧时间、低氧血症、胆红素水平及蓝光照射时间比较,前者均明显高于后者(P<0.05)。结论:出生体重越低、孕周越小、给氧浓度越高及时间越长、胆红素水平越高、蓝光照射时间越长,越易发生ROP,是ROP发生的主要危险因素。
Objective: To study the incidence of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) and its related factors. Methods: After adequate mydriasis and topical anesthesia, retinal vascular development was observed with a scleral ophthalmoscope using a scleral ophthalmoscope to crush the peripheral portion of the eyeball for one week. Results: There were 308 preterm infants, 121 cases weighing ≥2 000 g and <2 000 g187 cases. There were 37 cases in stage 1, 14 cases in stage 2, 6 cases in stage 3, 2 cases in stage 4, No 5 children. The incidence of ROP was 19.16% (59/308). ROP group and non-ROP group birth weight, gestational age, the incidence of hypercapnia, oxygen time, hypoxemia, bilirubin levels and blue light irradiation time, the former were significantly higher than the latter (P <0.05 ). CONCLUSION: The lower the birth weight, the smaller the gestational age, the higher the oxygen concentration and the longer the time, the higher the bilirubin level and the longer the blue light exposure time, the more prone to ROP, which is the main risk factor of ROP.