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目的观察养肝益水颗粒对自发性高血压大鼠(SHR)肾脏Ⅰ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ型胶原蛋白和纤维连接蛋白(FN)的影响,探讨养肝益水颗粒保护肾脏的作用机制。方法将40只SHR大鼠随机分为模型组、贝拉普利组(简称西药组)、养肝益水颗粒低剂量组(简称中药低剂量组)、养肝益水颗粒高剂量组(简称中药高剂量组)各10只,并与Wistar-Kyoto(WKY)大鼠作对照(简称正常组)。灌胃6周后通过免疫组化法检测各组大鼠肾脏Ⅰ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ型胶原蛋白和FN的表达。利用Image Pro PIus 5.1图像分析系统进行图像分析。结果在正常组的间质区、基底膜或系膜区中仅有少量棕黄色颗粒,而模型组有密集的棕黄色颗粒,模型组大鼠肾脏Ⅰ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ型胶原蛋白和FN的表达较正常组明显增高(P<0.01);治疗各组大鼠肾脏Ⅰ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ型胶原蛋白和FN的表达与模型组比较均明显降低(P<0.01),且中药低剂量组和西药组在降低肾脏Ⅰ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ型胶原的程度相似(P>0.05);中药高剂量组能进一步降低肾脏Ⅰ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ型胶原的表达,且与中药低剂量组和西药组比较有明显差异(P<0.05,P<0.01)。结论养肝益水颗粒通过减少肾脏Ⅰ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ型胶原蛋白和FN的合成,增加肾脏Ⅰ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ型胶原蛋白和FN的降解,从而减少肾脏胞外基质(ECM)过度沉积以发挥肾脏保护作用。
Objective To observe the effects of yanggan yishui granule on type Ⅰ, Ⅲ, Ⅳ collagen and fibronectin (FN) in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) and to explore the mechanism of yanggan yishui granule in protecting kidneys. Methods Forty SHR rats were randomly divided into the model group, the beraprost group (the western medicine group), the Yanggan Yishui granule low dose group (short for the traditional Chinese medicine low dose group), the Yanggan Yishui granule high dose group Chinese medicine high-dose group) of 10 each, and with Wistar-Kyoto (WKY) rats as control (referred to as normal group). Six weeks after gavage, the expressions of type Ⅰ, Ⅲ, Ⅳ collagen and FN were detected by immunohistochemistry. Image analysis with Image Pro PIus 5.1 Image Analysis System. Results There were only a few brown granules in the stroma, basilar membrane or mesangial area in the normal group, while the model group had dense brown granules. The expressions of type Ⅰ, Ⅲ, Ⅳ collagen and FN in the model group (P <0.01). Compared with the model group, the expression of collagen type Ⅰ, Ⅲ and Ⅳ and the expression of FN in model group were significantly lower than those in the normal group (P <0.01) (P> 0.05). The high dose group of traditional Chinese medicine can further reduce the expression of type I, type III and type IV collagen in kidney, and there is a significant difference with the traditional Chinese medicine low dose group and western medicine group (P <0.05, P <0.01). Conclusion Yanggan Yishui granule can reduce the excessive deposition of extracellular matrix (ECM) in kidney by reducing the synthesis of type Ⅰ, Ⅲ, Ⅳ collagen and FN in kidney and increasing the degradation of type Ⅰ, Ⅲ, Ⅳ collagen and FN in kidneys Kidney protection.