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目的了解北京市西城区小学生自评体型与饮食运动行为现状,为制定相关干预措施提供科学依据。方法选取北京市西城区4所小学1 370名学生,使用“西城区小学生饮食运动健康调查问卷”进行调查,同时测量身高和体重。结果小学生自评体型和BMI体型评价肥胖率分别为6.8%,12.6%,一致率为62.25%,差异有统计学意义(Kappa=-0.029,P<0.05)。对于个人体型感觉不好、苦恼、曾被人取笑、不愿与同学接触、自卑报告率均以肥胖学生最高,分别为51.2%,50.6%,32.9%,8.0%,14.1%。缺乏体育锻炼、经常喝碳酸饮料、看电视吃零食、长时间做功课是肥胖的危险因素(OR值分别为1.805,1.423,1.387,1.347,P值均<0.05)。结论肥胖学生存在不良心理健康状况,不良生活方式与小学生肥胖密切相关。
Objective To understand the status quo of self-rated body shape and diet movement behavior of pupils in Xicheng District, Beijing, and to provide a scientific basis for formulating relevant intervention measures. Methods A total of 1 370 students from 4 primary schools in Xicheng District of Beijing were selected for investigation. The height and weight of the students were also surveyed using the “Questionnaire on Diet, Health and Exercise of Pupils in Xicheng District”. Results The obesity rate of primary school self-assessment body type and BMI body type were 6.8%, 12.6%, respectively. The agreement rate was 62.25%. The difference was statistically significant (Kappa = -0.029, P <0.05). For individuals who feel bad body, distressed, who had been making fun of, do not want to contact with students, report the lowest rate of obesity are obese students, respectively, 51.2%, 50.6%, 32.9%, 8.0%, 14.1%. Lack of physical exercise, often drink carbonated drinks, watch snacks on television, long hours of homework are risk factors for obesity (OR values were 1.805,1.423,1.387,1.347, P values were <0.05). Conclusion Obese students have unhealthy mental health, and unhealthy lifestyles are closely related to obesity among pupils.