20世纪90年代初期,面对水土流失、环境恶化、全球气候变暖、物种绝迹等日益严重的环境危机,旨在探讨文学与环境关系的生态文学批评浪潮在美国掀起。美国生态文学批评将自然与文学之间的相互关系作为主题,从文学的角度来重新审视人类文化,并在此基础上对人类社会的发展模式、文化、行为等进行 In the early 1990s, in the face of increasingly serious environmental crises such as soil and water loss, environmental deterioration, global warming and extinction of species, the wave of ecocriticism criticizing the relationship between literature and the environment was launched in the United States. American ecocriticism criticizes the interrelationship between nature and literature as the theme and re-examines the human culture from the perspective of literature. On the basis of this, it also carries out the research on the development mode, culture and behavior of human society