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清初的学术转变与两个并行的过程相伴生:一是反理学运动的蓬勃发展;二是朴学思潮的兴起。在第一个过程中;学界知识群体的主流,选择了共同的批判方向,即“反理学”,但深入的程度与抨击的目标各不相同,体现了同一中有分歧、有争执的特征。在第二个过程中,各学派都勇蹈回归元典之路,主张用朴学取代理学,体现了分歧中有合流的特征,进而形成趋势,使文坛学术主流之移易变得不可阻遏。
The academic transformation in the early Qing Dynasty was accompanied by two parallel processes: one was the vigorous development of the anti-rationalism movement; the other was the rise of the Pu school ideological trend. In the first process, the mainstream of the academic community of knowledge chooses the common critical direction, namely “anti-science”, but the degree of in-depth study is different from the target of criticism, which reflects the disagreement and disputed features in the same school. In the second process, all schools bravely return to the road of the Yuan dynasty. They advocate using Park to take the place of neo-Confucianism and embody the characteristics of the confluence in their differences, thus forming a trend that makes the exchange of academic mainstream in the literary world irresistible.