介绍了柴达木盆地北缘油气区沉积地层中特态矿物的特征,总结出特态矿物在油气层上方的分布规律及其8种主要集合体类型。研究了特态矿物的交代现象、包容关系、与油质沥青的伴生关系、扫描电镜下的特征和X-衍射分析结果。阐述了高产油气层(井日产油量大于10t),一般产量油层(井日产油量1～10t)和仅见油气显示(或极低的产油量)层上方特态矿物的主要特征。 The characteristics of the special minerals in the sedimentary strata in the northern margin of the Qaidam Basin are introduced. The distribution rules of the special minerals in the upper strata and the eight main types of assemblages are summarized. The phenomenon of metasomatism, inclusivity, the relationship with oil bitumen, the characteristics of scanning electron microscopy and the results of X-ray diffraction were studied. The main features of high-yielding hydrocarbon reservoirs (well daily oil production> 10t), general production oil reservoirs (daily oil production of 1 ~ 10t), and only metamorphic minerals above the oil-gas show (or very low oil production)