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建立了聚丙烯基强酸性阳离子交换纤维分离富集痕量镓的新方法。当上柱流速为2m L/min时,pH=3,1000m L 0.1μg/m L的镓可被0.1000g聚丙烯基强酸性阳离子交换纤维定量吸附,10m L 1.6mol/L的硝酸溶液能将其定量洗脱,富集倍数达到100倍。随着温度的升高,纤维对镓的吸附速率增大,吸附以液膜扩散为主。经Arrhenius公式计算的表观活化能为38.71k J/mol。离子交换纤维对镓的静态饱和吸附容量为209.4mg/g,交换吸附过程服从Freundlich经验式,吸附容易发生。在最佳吸附及洗脱条件下,对自然河水和自来水中的镓进行分离富集及加标回收试验,结果表明,回收率介于86.3~104.4%之间,相对标准偏差(RSD)介于0.1~1.7%之间,结果令人满意。
A new method for separating and enriching trace gallium with polypropylene-based strong acid cation exchange fiber was established. When the column flow rate of 2m L / min, pH = 3,1000 m L 0.1μg / m L of gallium can be quantitatively adsorbed 0.1000g polypropylene strong acid cation exchange fiber, 10m L 1.6mol / L of nitric acid solution can be Its quantitative elution, enrichment multiple reached 100 times. With the increase of temperature, the adsorption rate of gallium on the fiber increases, and the adsorption mainly takes the liquid film diffusion. The apparent activation energy calculated by the Arrhenius formula is 38.71 kJ / mol. The static saturated adsorption capacity of ion exchange fiber to gallium is 209.4mg / g, the exchange adsorption process obeys Freundlich empirical formula, and the adsorption is easy to occur. Under optimum conditions of adsorption and elution, the separation and enrichment of gallium in natural river water and tap water were carried out. The results showed that the recoveries ranged from 86.3% to 104.4%, and the relative standard deviations (RSDs) ranged from 0.1 ~ 1.7%, the result is satisfactory.