研究细胞间隙连接基因connexin (cx) 43及其蛋白、雌激素受体(ER)、孕激素受体 (PR)在子宫平滑肌瘤中的表达 ,从转录及翻译水平探讨cx4 3基因及其蛋白、ER、PR在子宫平滑肌瘤发生中的关系。方法 :应用核酸原位杂交技术和SP免疫组织化学法 ,研究 37份子宫平滑肌瘤、2 0份正常子宫平滑肌组织中cx4 3mRNA及其蛋白、ER、PR的表达规律。结果 :子宫平滑肌瘤中cx4 3mRNA及其蛋白的表达明显高于子宫平滑肌组织中的水平 (P <0 0 5)。ER、PR在子宫肌瘤中的表达与在子宫平滑肌组织中的表达差异有显著性 (P <0 0 5)。结论 :cx4 3mRNA及其蛋白在子宫平滑肌瘤中的过度表达 ,提示对ER、PR有较强的反应性 ,对子宫平滑肌瘤分子机制和早期标志的研究有重要意义。 To study the expression of connexin (cx) 43 and its protein, estrogen receptor (ER) and progesterone receptor (PR) in uterine leiomyoma and to explore the relationship between cx4 3 gene and its protein ER, PR in the development of uterine leiomyomas. Methods: The expression of cx4 3 mRNA, ER, PR in 37 uterine leiomyoma and 20 normal uterine smooth muscle tissues were studied by in situ hybridization and SP immunohistochemistry. Results: The expression of cx4 3 mRNA and its protein in uterine leiomyoma was significantly higher than that in uterine smooth muscle (P <0.05). The expression of ER, PR in uterine fibroids and in uterine smooth muscle tissues were significantly different (P <0.05). CONCLUSION: Overexpression of cx4 3 mRNA and its protein in uterine leiomyomas suggests strong reactivity to ER and PR, which is of great significance for the study of molecular mechanisms and early signs of uterine leiomyomas.