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当前的食物中毒在流行病学上存在着令人注目的两大特征:一是农村高发于城市;二是以家宴为主要传播途径。据报道,1988年全国食物中毒人数的72.29％分布在农村。1989年我省发生食物中毒起数的80.45％和人数的79.99％也是在农村,而且主要是家庭置办宴席所导致。1987年河北省食物中毒200人以上的起数较多,其中总起数的70％和中毒总人数的90％以上为农村婚丧聚餐造成。农村家宴与食物中毒的这种直接因果关系,明显地提示了今后农村食品卫生监督的重点方位。为此我们对它的成因及控制对策进行了初步探讨。
There are two striking epidemiological characteristics of current food poisoning: one is that rural areas are high in urban areas; the other is that banquet is the main route of transmission. It is reported that in 1988, 72.29% of the country’s food poisoning population was located in rural areas. In 1989, 80.45% of the cases of food poisoning occurred in our province and 79.99% of the population were also in the rural areas, mainly caused by the banquet of families. In 1987, more than 200 food poisoning cases were reported in Hebei Province, of which 70% of the total cases and 90% of the total cases of poisoning were caused by weddings and funerals in rural areas. This direct causal relationship between rural feast and food poisoning clearly indicates the key orientation of rural food hygiene supervision in the future. For this reason we have carried on the preliminary discussion to its cause and the control strategy.