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以氢氧化镁+磷酸、磷酸、磷酸二氢钾+氯化镁和磷酸二氢钙+氯化镁为固氮添加剂,以猪粪和玉米秸秆为原料,采用强制通风静态垛堆肥装置进行高温好氧堆肥试验,研究了不同化学添加剂对猪粪堆肥过程中的保氮效果。结果表明,化学添加剂可以显著降低堆肥化过程中氨气的排放率。氢氧化镁+磷酸、磷酸、磷酸二氢钾+氯化镁和磷酸二氢钙+氯化镁的氮素损失分别占初始氮的13.15%、11.50%、10.69%和7.59%,与对照相比,各添加剂处理的固氮率为58.27%~75.90%。磷酸二氢钙+氯化镁处理的氮素损失最少,但堆肥过程中有机物降解受到明显的抑制作用。在堆肥结束时,各添加剂处理的有机物降解率仅为对照处理的58.48%~98.70%。最终堆肥产品的种子发芽指数为69.87%~118.24%,表明所有处理在堆置39 d后均达到腐熟。根据模糊评价的结果,该试验中的磷酸二氢钾和氯化镁是堆肥过程中最佳的固氮材料。
The pig manure and corn stalks were used as raw materials to make high-temperature aerobic compost test with magnesium hydroxide + phosphoric acid, phosphoric acid, potassium dihydrogen phosphate + magnesium chloride and monocalcium phosphate + magnesium chloride as nitrogenous additives. Effect of Different Chemical Additives on Nitrogen Assimilation in Pig Manure Composting Process. The results show that chemical additives can significantly reduce ammonia emissions during composting. The nitrogen losses of magnesium hydroxide + phosphoric acid, phosphoric acid, potassium dihydrogen phosphate + magnesium chloride and monocalcium phosphate + magnesium chloride accounted for 13.15%, 11.50%, 10.69% and 7.59% of the initial nitrogen, respectively. Compared with the control, The nitrogen fixation rate is 58.27% ~ 75.90%. The loss of nitrogen from calcium dihydrogen phosphate and magnesium chloride was the least, but the degradation of organic matter was inhibited obviously during composting. At the end of composting, the degradation rate of organic matter by each additive was only 58.48% ~ 98.70% of the control. The seed germination index of the final compost products ranged from 69.87% to 118.24%, indicating that all treatments reached maturity after 39 d of storage. According to the results of the fuzzy evaluation, potassium dihydrogen phosphate and magnesium chloride in this experiment are the best nitrogen-fixing materials in composting process.