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目的探讨≤3岁婴幼儿血红蛋白水平与母亲贫血的关系,为改善婴幼儿和母亲的贫血状况提供科学依据。方法采用多阶段分层整群随机抽样的方法,样本均来自同一家庭中的母子(女),调查对象一一配对。为了保证婴幼儿和乳母的调查人数,在样本地区适当补充了调查人数。结果城乡≤3岁儿童的贫血患病率分别为26．9％(94／350)和32．4％(594／1835),3岁及以下贫血儿童的出生体重(3266±579)g低于非贫血儿童(3310±501)g;贫血儿童出生体重<2500 g的比例显著高于非贫血儿童,调查时贫血儿童未断奶率显著高于非贫血儿童。血红蛋白水平<100g/L的婴幼儿占7．6％(166／2185),血红蛋白水平<110g／L的婴幼儿占24．9％(544／2185)。贫血母亲和非贫血母亲养育的3岁及以下城乡儿童的血红蛋白水平分别为(115．6±17．4)g／L、(115．2±16．7)g／L和(123．3±14．9)g/L、(122．2±15．3)g/L,差异有统计学意义(P<0．001),非贫血母亲3岁及以下儿童的血红蛋白曲线向右偏移。母亲血红蛋白水平越高,其子女的血红蛋白水平曲线向右偏移越明显。结论≤3岁儿童的血红蛋白水平与母亲的血红蛋白水平相关。
Objective To investigate the relationship between hemoglobin level and maternal anemia in infants and children ≤3 years old, and to provide a scientific basis for the improvement of anemia in infants and mothers. Methods A multi-stage stratified cluster random sampling method was used. All the samples came from the mother and child (female) in the same family, and the respondents matched one by one. In order to ensure that the number of infants and mothers investigated is adequate, the number of respondents is supplemented in the sample area. Results The prevalence of anemia in urban and rural children ≤3 years old was 26.9% (94/350) and 32.4% (594/1835) respectively. The birth weight (3266 ± 579) g in children aged 3 years and younger was lower than Non-anemia children (3310 ± 501) g; children with anemia <2500 g birth weight was significantly higher than non-anemic children, the survey did not significantly reduce the rate of non-anemia children than non-anemia. Infants and children with a hemoglobin level of <100g / L accounted for 7.6% (166/2185), and infants and young children with a hemoglobin level <110g / L accounted for 24.9% (544/2185). Hemoglobin levels were 115.6 ± 17.4 g / L, 115.2 ± 16.7 g / L and 123.3 ± 3 in urban and rural children aged 3 years and under, respectively, who were raised by anemic mothers and non-anemic mothers 14.9) g / L, (122.2 ± 15.3) g / L, the difference was statistically significant (P <0.001). The hemoglobin curves in children aged 3 years and younger were significantly shifted to the right. The higher the mother’s hemoglobin level, the more the child’s hemoglobin level curve shifts to the right. Conclusions Hemoglobin levels in children younger than 3 years are related to the hemoglobin level of the mother.