中药的给药途径很多,而最重要的是口服给药。近年来,口服外的剂型发展很快,如肌肉注射液、静脉注射液和硬膏剂等,给用药带来很大方便,但仍以口服剂型占绝对多数。尤其是汤剂,占中药处方的80%左右。自古以来,我们的祖先用口服药治疗慢性病和抢救各种急性病,都收到很好的疗效。说明中药经口腔用药有它许多独到之处。现将其重要意义分述于下:一、口腔(包括鼻腔)给药能达到速效。中医以药物的气味来治病,这一般是指药物通过吸收到达一定的脏腑、经络而发挥其性味功能。这种吸收途径也包括口腔吸收。古代中药并没有供静脉或肌肉注射的剂型,但在抢救危重病人时,用 There are many routes of administration for Chinese medicine, and the most important one is oral administration. In recent years, oral dosage forms have developed rapidly, such as intramuscular injections, intravenous injections, and plasters, which have greatly facilitated the use of drugs but still account for the absolute majority of oral dosage forms. In particular, decoction accounts for about 80% of Chinese medicine prescriptions. Since ancient times, our ancestors used oral medicines to treat chronic diseases and rescue various acute diseases, and they all received very good results. It shows that traditional Chinese medicine has many unique features. Its important significance is now described below: First, oral (including nasal) administration can achieve quick results. Chinese medicine treats the disease with the odor of a drug. This generally means that the drug exerts its taste function by absorbing certain organs and meridians. This route of absorption also includes oral absorption. Ancient Chinese medicine does not have a dosage form for intravenous or intramuscular injection, but it is used when rescuing critically ill patients.