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目的分析免疫接种知识干预对社区儿童接种效果的影响。方法选取2013年1月-2014年12月在本社区卫生服务中心预防接种的120例儿童作为研究对象,随机将其分为对照组与观察组各60例。对照组儿童家属仅作日常常规教育,观察组则实施免疫接种知识干预,比较2组儿童家长对预防接种知识、行为及态度的变化,比较干预后2组儿童接种效果。结果观察组干预后A群流脑、OPV、DPT、MR、Hep B、JE 6种疫苗免疫接种率分别为98.3%、96.7%、96.7%、96.7%、98.3%、96.7%,儿童家属对接种地点、1岁以内幼儿接种6种以上疫苗、3种疫苗名称、6种疫苗名称、接种疫苗预防作用、3种疫苗预防作用、6种疫苗预防作用、3种疫苗接种次数等预防接种知识知晓率分别为98.3%、31.7%、33.3%、13.3%、90.0%、46.7%、16.7%、30.0%,主动接种率、通知后接种率、抽时间接种率、主动询问下次接种率、流入地接种率分别为83.3%、98.3%、98.3%、98.3%、95.0%,与对照组相比差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。结论免疫接种知识干预对提升儿童家属对免疫接种认知水平有积极的价值,可提升社区儿童免疫接种率,控制易感疾病传播。
Objective To analyze the effect of immunization knowledge intervention on community vaccination. Methods A total of 120 children vaccinated in this community health service center from January 2013 to December 2014 were selected as study subjects and randomly divided into control group and observation group of 60 cases. The relatives of the children in the control group were given routine education only, while the observation group were given the knowledge of immunization. The changes in knowledge, behavior and attitude of vaccination were compared between the two groups. The effect of vaccination was compared between the two groups. Results The immunization rates of six groups of meningitis, OPV, DPT, MR, Hep B and JE in the observation group after vaccination were 98.3%, 96.7%, 96.7%, 96.7%, 98.3% and 96.7% Location, Vaccination of more than 6 vaccines for young children within 1 year of age, Name of 3 vaccines, Name of 6 vaccines, Effect of vaccination, Prevention of 3 vaccines, Prevention of 6 vaccines, Frequency of 3 vaccinations Respectively, were 98.3%, 31.7%, 33.3%, 13.3%, 90.0%, 46.7%, 16.7%, 30.0% respectively. The rate of active vaccination, the rate of vaccination after vaccination, the time of vaccination, The rates were 83.3%, 98.3%, 98.3%, 98.3% and 95.0%, respectively, which were significantly different from those of the control group (all P <0.05). Conclusions Knowledge intervention of immunization has positive value in raising children’s family members’ cognition level of immunization. It can increase community immunization rate of children and control the spread of predisposing diseases.