在对白光干涉仪及白光干涉法偏振耦合(PC)测试原理进行分析的基础上,设计搭建基于白光干涉法的全保偏光纤结构的迈克耳孙(Michelson)干涉仪偏振耦合测试系统,实现对保偏光纤(PMF)偏振耦合的检测,并进行了单耦合点和多耦合点测试实验,耦合系数探测灵敏度可达70 dB,得到较好的实验结果,验证了白光光纤Michelson干涉法偏振耦合测试的可行性。最后,使用超辐射发光二极管(SLD)光源、放大自发辐射(ASE)光源和掺铒光纤放大器(EDFA)光源对小耦合系数的保偏光纤偏振的耦合系数进行测量,分别得到0.36%,1.8%和2.5%的测量误差,验证了系统的精确性。 Based on the analysis of the principle of white light interferometer and white light interferometry polarization coupling (PC), a Michelson interferometer polarization coupling test system based on white light interferometry is designed. PMF polarization coupling test, and the single coupling point and multi-coupling point test experiment, coupling coefficient detection sensitivity of up to 70 dB, get better experimental results verify the white fiber Michelson interferometry polarization coupling test Feasibility. Finally, the coupling coefficients of polarization-maintaining optical fiber with small coupling coefficients were measured using superluminescent diode (SLD) light source, amplified spontaneous emission (ASE) light source and erbium doped fiber amplifier (EDFA) light source, And 2.5% of the measurement error, verify the accuracy of the system.