硼位于元素周期表中第二周期第三主族,原于半径0.82A(较小),电负性为2.01(较大),其核外电子排布为IS~2,2S~2、2P~1,价电子层为2S~2、2P~1;它的价电子层有4个原子轨道(2S、2Px、2Py、2Pz),但只有3个电子属于缺电子原子,在成键时,原子的外电子层为2S~2、2Px~2、2Py~2、2Pz~0,有一个空轨道,具有很强的接受电子的能力。硼作为晶界强化元素加入合金中,可显著提高其高温强度。随着我国工业的发展,硼在合金中的应用越来越广 Boron is located in the third main group of the second cycle of the periodic table of the elements, originally at a radius of 0.82A (smaller), with an electronegativity of 2.01 (larger) and an extranuclear electron arrangement of IS ~ 2,2S ~ 2,2P ~ 1, the valence electron layer is 2S ~ 2,2P ~ 1; its valence electron layer has 4 atomic orbits (2S, 2Px, 2Py, 2Pz), but only 3 electrons belong to the missing electron atom, The outer electron layer of atoms is 2S ~ 2,2Px ~ 2,2Py ~ 2,2Pz ~ 0, has an empty orbit, has a strong ability to accept electrons. Boron as a grain boundary strengthening element added to the alloy, can significantly increase its high temperature strength. With the development of our country’s industry, the application of boron in the alloy is more and more widely