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为研究高脂饲料加空气干燥术制作的家兔颈动脉粥样硬化模型中血栓素B2和6-酮-前列腺素F1α(简称为前列腺素F)与抗凝血酶Ⅲ和纤溶酶原活性改变的关系。采用54只日本大耳白兔分为3组，分别给予高脂饲料加空气干燥术（n=24）、单纯高脂饲料（n=24）和正常饲料（n=6）喂养。在实施空气干燥术后的第3天、第1周、第2周和第4周分别处死动物，观察颈动脉病理改变和血液中血栓素B2和前列腺素F与抗凝血酶Ⅲ和纤溶酶原活性改变的关系。结果发现，高脂饲料加空气干燥术组动物第4周时抗凝血酶Ⅲ活性明显降低，而纤溶酶原活性明显升高。高脂饲料加空气干燥术组与单纯高脂饲料组的血栓素B2和血栓素B2/前列腺素F比值均较正常饲料组升高，差异有显著性。结果提示，高脂饲料加空气干燥术法可以形成典型的颈动脉粥样硬化病变，病变与内皮细胞损害后血栓素和前列腺素改变及抗凝血酶Ⅲ和纤溶酶原活性改变密切相关。“,”Aim To observe the changes of thromboxane B2 (TXB2), 6-ket-Prostaglandin F1α (PGF), antithrombin Ⅲ, plasminogen in experimental carotid atherosclerosis model using air-drying in the cholesterol-fed rabbits. Methods 54 male Japanese White rabbits were randomly divided into 3 groups. The first group was fed by normal diet as empty control (n=6), the second group was fed by high-cholesterol diet as cholesterol-fed control groups (n=24)，the third group was fed by high-cholesterol diet and treated by air-drying as experimental group (n=24). Animals were sacrificed at various times (from 3 days to 4 weeks) after surgery in the experimental groups and at the corresponding times in the control groups. The level of the blood lipid, thromboxane B2, PGF, antithrombin Ⅲ and plasminogen were detected. Results The typical carotid atherosclerosis was observed in the experimental groups. The activity of antithrombin Ⅲ decreased significantly (P<0.001) and the activity of plasminogen increased significantly (P<0.001) at 4 week after air-dying in the third group. Thromboxane B2 and thromboxane B2/prostaglandin F in cholesterol-fed and experimental groups significantly increased compared with the empty control group (P<0.05). Conclusions The typical carotid atherosclerosis lesion can induced by air-drying in the cholesterol-fed rabbit. the pathology changes and its mechanisms were correlated with the thromboxane B2, prostaglandin F, antithrombin Ⅲ and plasminogen changes after intimal injury.