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采用北疆棉区自育早熟和引进的黄河流域棉区中早熟陆地棉品种 ,在新疆气候生态条件下 ,研究了棉纤维发育过程中可溶性糖和纤维素含量的变化及与气象因子的关系。结果表明 ,无论北疆自育早熟品种还是内地引进中早熟品种 ,棉纤维中可溶性糖含量的变化均在花后 7～ 14d达到最大值 ,随后迅速下降 ;纤维素在花后 14d左右开始大量合成 ,至吐絮期含量达最大值。不同品种类型间表现为 :早熟品种棉纤维可溶性糖转化高峰期较同期的中早熟品种早 ,且纤维可溶性糖转化率及纤维素合成的最大值与纤维素合成速率均比同期开花的中早熟品种高。棉纤维发育过程中可溶性糖和纤维素含量呈极显著的负相关 ;铃期最低温度对纤维可溶性糖的转化和纤维合成影响最大 ;温度对纤维的可溶性糖转化的影响远大于纤维素合成 ,所以后期低温可能是造成新疆棉纤维内糖含量高的原因。铃期日照时数与纤维合成的特征值呈显著正相关。
The cotton cultivars in early spring and early maturing areas in the Yellow River Basin were used to study the changes of soluble sugar and cellulose content in the development of cotton fiber and its relationship with meteorological factors under the climate and ecological conditions in Xinjiang. The results showed that the soluble sugar content in cotton fiber reached its maximum at 7-14 days after flowering, no matter in the early maturing varieties in the north or in the middle-early maturing varieties in the north, then decreased rapidly. The cellulose began to be synthesized in a large amount about 14 days after flowering , To the maximum content of boll opening period. The performance of different varieties was as follows: the peak of soluble sugar transformation of precocious varieties was earlier than that of middle-early maturity varieties, and the rate of soluble sugar conversion and the maximum of cellulose synthesis and cellulose synthesis rate were higher than that of middle-early maturing varieties high. There was a significant negative correlation between soluble sugar content and cellulose content during cotton fiber development. The lowest temperature in boll stage had the greatest effect on the conversion of soluble sugar and fiber synthesis. The effect of temperature on soluble sugar conversion was far greater than that of cellulose synthesis Late low temperature may be caused by high sugar content in Xinjiang cotton fiber reason. There was a significant positive correlation between the number of sunshine hours and the characteristic value of fiber synthesis.