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以新疆伊犁新源县的4科10种药用植物为试材,采用植物染色体标本制备的去壁低渗方法,研究了染色体数目并进行了核型分析。结果表明:大麻(Cannabis sativa L.)2n=20=12m+8sm、苦豆子(Sophora alopecuroides L.)2n=36=26m+8sm+2st、毛牛蒡(Arctium tomentosum Mill.)2n=36=6m+28sm+2st、牛蒡(Arctium lappaL.)2n=36=8m+26sm+2st、千叶蓍(Achillea millefolium L.)2n=36=26m+10sm、牛至(Origanum valgare)2n=30=12m+18sm、菊苣(Cichorium intybus L.)2n=18=12m+6sm、新疆鼠尾草(Salvia deserta Schang)2n=14=4m+10sm、草原糙苏(Phomis protensis Kar)2n=22=12m+6sm+4st、乌拉尔甘草(Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fish)2n=16=6m+10sm,其染色体数目与前人报道一致。千叶蓍(Achillea millefolium L.)、牛至(Origanum valgare)、新疆鼠尾草(Salvia deserta Schang)3种植物为首次报道。
Taking 4 families and 10 medicinal plants in Xinyuan County of Xinjiang as test materials, the number of chromosomes and the karyotype analysis were studied using the wall-to-wall hypotonic method of plant chromosome specimen preparation. The results showed that 2n = 20 = 12m + 8sm for Cannabis sativa L., 2n = 36 = 26m + 8sm + 2st for Sophora alopecuroides L., 2n = 36 = 6m + 28sm + 2st, Arctium lappa L. 2n = 36 = 8m + 26sm + 2st, Achillea millefolium L. 2n = 36 = 26m + 10sm, Origanum valgare 2n = 30 = 12m + 18sm 2n = 18 = 12m + 6sm in Cichorium intybus L., 2n = 14 = 4m + 10sm in Salvia deserta Schang, 2n = 22 = 12m + 6sm + 4st , Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fish 2n = 16 = 6m + 10sm, the number of chromosomes consistent with previous reports. Achillea millefolium L., Origanum valgare and Salvia deserta Schang were reported for the first time.