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针对中高轨目标暗弱为目标识别和识别效率增加的难度,研究了基于被动光学系统的地基光电光测系统;同时提出了一种通过对原始图像进行最优化处理,从而有效提高目标信噪比,增加目标识别效率的方法。首先分析了在轨目标的光学反射特性,比较了不同模式下目标的信噪比,给出光电监视系统的最优设计方案。然后,结合目标运动特性和观测条件等因素,设计了适合中高轨道目标的地基地球同步轨道(GEO)目标的观测模式。最后,针对暗弱目标图像识别难题,提出了基于最优化原理的低信噪比目标识别图像处理的新方法。根据实测数据对本文方法进行了实验验证,并与传统差帧法进行了比较。结果显示,本文方法可在目标信噪比大于3.09点条件下识别出目标。该项研究对中高轨道目标光电监视用设备的设计和使用很有参考价值。
Aimed at the difficulty of target recognition and recognition efficiency increase in target of medium and high orbit, this paper studies the photoelectric detection system of ground based on passive optical system. At the same time, a new method is proposed to optimize the target image by optimizing the original image, Methods to increase the efficiency of target recognition. Firstly, the optical reflection characteristics of the orbit target are analyzed and the signal-to-noise ratio of the target in different modes is compared. The optimal design scheme of the photoelectric monitoring system is given. Then, combined with the characteristics of the target motion and the observation conditions, the observation mode of the GEO target is designed. Finally, aiming at the problem of dim target image recognition, a new method of image recognition based on optimization principle is proposed. According to the measured data, the method in this paper is verified by experiments and compared with the traditional frame difference method. The results show that this method can identify the target under the condition that the target signal-to-noise ratio is more than 3.09. This research is of great reference value to the design and use of equipment for middle-high orbit optical monitoring.