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一、关于“搭便车”涵义的界定所谓“搭便车”是指某些人或某些团体在不付出任何代价(成本)的情况下从别人或社会获得好处(收益)的行为。“搭便车”是现代西方产权经济学家探讨的一个重要问题。在他们看来,产权界定不清,外部性、公共品等的存在都是“搭便车”产生的根源。大量“搭便车”现象的产生必然导致社会经济生活的低效。社会要保持创新的活力就需要不断地进行制度创新。
Definition of the meaning of “free riding” The so-called “free riding” refers to the act of gaining benefits (gains) from somebody or society by some people or some groups without any price (cost) . Hitchhiking is an important issue that modern western property economists discuss. In their view, the definition of property rights is unclear, the existence of externalities, public goods, etc. are the root causes of “free riding”. A large number of “free-riding” phenomenon will inevitably lead to inefficient social and economic life. In order to maintain the vitality of innovation, society needs constant institutional innovation.