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目的分析宜昌市2005―2015年输入性疟疾疫情流行特征,为有效控制输入性疟疾提供参考依据。方法通过国家疾病监测信息报告管理系统收集2005―2015年宜昌市疟疾病例资料,采用描述流行病学方法进行分析。结果 2005―2015年全市共报告输入性疟疾病例108例,分别来自非洲、东南亚地区的19个国家,年均报告发病率为0.24/10万。全市12个县(市、区)均有病例报告,其中西陵区报告病例数最多,占总病例数的60.19%(65/108)。男性107例,女性1例,发病年龄主要集中在30~49岁年龄组,共报告80例,占总病例数的74.07%;职业分布以工人发病数最多,占总病例数的55.56%。108例病例中,临床诊断病例(未分型)5例,实验室确诊病例103例,其中间日疟67例、恶性疟34例、卵形疟1例、恶性疟和卵形疟混合感染1例。结论宜昌市输入性疟疾流行形势严峻,需进一步联防联控,加强对重点人群进行有效的健康教育,做好出国务工人员及流动人口的管理和监测,降低疟疾继发性传播的风险。
Objective To analyze the epidemic characteristics of imported malaria in Yichang City from 2005 to 2015 and provide reference for effective control of imported malaria. Methods The data of malaria cases in Yichang City from 2005 to 2015 were collected through the National Disease Surveillance Information Reporting Management System and analyzed by descriptive epidemiological method. Results A total of 108 cases of imported malaria were reported in the city from 2005 to 2015, from 19 countries in Africa and Southeast Asia, respectively. The annual average reported incidence was 0.24 / 100000. The city’s 12 counties (cities, districts) have case reports, of which the largest number of cases reported Xiling District, the total number of cases accounted for 60.19% (65/108). There were 107 males and 1 females. The age of onset was mainly in the age group of 30-49 years old. A total of 80 cases were reported, accounting for 74.07% of the total number of cases. Occupational distribution accounted for 55.56% of the total cases. Of the 108 cases, 5 were diagnosed clinically (undifferentiated), 103 were diagnosed clinically, 67 were Plasmodium falciparum, 34 were Plasmodium falciparum, 1 was oval-shaped malaria, and 1 was mixed with Plasmodium falciparum and Plasmodium ovale 1 example. Conclusion The epidemic situation of imported malaria in Yichang City is severe. It requires further joint prevention and control, strengthening effective health education for key populations, managing and monitoring migrant workers and floating population abroad, and reducing the risk of secondary transmission of malaria.