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目的探讨眼部暴露与环境紫外辐射光谱的差异性,为指导公众正确防护眼部紫外线损伤提供依据。方法使用自制的安装有高紫外灵敏度光纤光谱仪的眼紫外线暴露模型在中国海南省三亚地区进行实地监测,获得大量眼部暴露和环境紫外辐射光谱数据。眼部紫外辐射光谱数据与角膜损伤、结膜损伤、晶体损伤作用光谱相加权,计算对应的生物有效强度,再与时间相加权计算紫外辐射剂量。结果环境紫外辐射随日间时间推移呈单峰分布,峰值出现在13:00左右,而眼部暴露紫外辐射随日间时间推移呈双峰分布,峰值分别出现在10:00和16:00左右;不同波长光谱分布分析显示,随波长增加环境与眼暴露紫外辐射强度增加。环境400nm正午峰值约为161.51μwcm~(-2)nm~(-1),眼部400nm上、下午峰值分别约为65.43和66.20μw cm~(-2)nm~(-1)。而眼角膜、结膜和晶体损伤光谱强度分别在311、300和307 nm出现峰值,10:00辐射强度值高于其他时间点,峰值分别约为0.300 0、0.004 6和0.440 0μwcm~(-2)nm~(-1)。结论眼部暴露与环境紫外辐射光谱分布不同。
Objective To explore the difference of ultraviolet radiation spectrum between eye exposure and environment and provide the basis for directing the public to correctly protect the eye from UV damage. Methods The eye UV exposure model equipped with a high-sensitivity UV-Vis spectrometer was used to conduct field monitoring in Sanya, Hainan Province, China. A large number of eye exposure and environmental UV radiation spectral data were obtained. The spectral data of the ultraviolet radiation of the eyes are weighted with the corneal damage, the damage of the conjunctiva and the spectrum of the damage of the crystal, and the corresponding biological effective intensities are calculated. Then the dose of ultraviolet radiation is weighted by the time. Results The ambient UV radiation showed a unimodal distribution with the passage of time, the peak value appeared at about 13:00, while the ultraviolet radiation exposure of the eyes showed a bimodal distribution with the passage of time, with peaks at 10:00 and 16:00 respectively The spectral distribution analysis of different wavelengths showed that the intensity of ultraviolet radiation increased with the increase of wavelength. At 400 nm, the peak value at noon was about 161.51 μwcm -2 nm -1, and the peak values at 400 nm and 65 nm were about 65.43 and 66.20 μw cm -2, respectively. The spectral intensities of corneal, conjunctival and crystalline lesions at 311, 300 and 307 nm, respectively, were higher at 10: 00 than those at other time points, with peak values of 0.300 0, 0.004 6 and 0.440 0 μwcm -2, respectively nm ~ (-1). Conclusion There is a difference in the spectral distribution of ocular exposure and ambient UV radiation.