金纳米颗粒凭借其独特的光学和电化学特性,广泛应用于信息存储、化学传感、医学成像、药物传输以及生物标记等领域。近年来,生物法合成金纳米颗粒因其环境友好、绿色低毒等特点引起研究者的广泛关注。研究表明,多种微生物包括细菌、放线菌、真菌和病毒等均具有合成金纳米颗粒的能力。本文综述了微生物介导合成金纳米颗粒的特性、机制及应用,并对未来发展趋势进行了展望。 Due to their unique optical and electrochemical properties, gold nanoparticles are widely used in information storage, chemical sensing, medical imaging, drug delivery and biomarker applications. In recent years, biosynthesis of gold nanoparticles due to its environment-friendly, green, low toxicity and other characteristics caused widespread concern researchers. Studies have shown that a variety of microorganisms, including bacteria, actinomycetes, fungi and viruses have the ability to synthesize gold nanoparticles. This review summarizes the characteristics, mechanisms and applications of microbial-mediated synthesis of gold nanoparticles, and looks forward to future trends.