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于2012年7月至2013年6月对广西钦州茅尾海红树林潮沟的仔稚鱼物种多样性进行了调查,共采集仔稚鱼11 691尾,经鉴定共24种,隶属于8目15科18属。仔稚鱼生态类型以近海暖水性为主。物种个体数以爪哇拟虾虎鱼(Pseudogobius javanicus)最多,占总个体数的53.29%,其次为美肩鳃鳚(Omobranchus elegans),占总个体数的28.49%。另外,仔稚鱼物种组成的时间变化明显,仔稚鱼的物种数和个体数均表现在秋季最低,春季最高。Margalef丰富度指数(Dma)、Shannon多样性指数(H′)和Pielou均匀度指数(J′)的月份变化结果显示Dma、H′和J′指数均在2012年8月~10月较低,H′指数、Dma指数在2013年5月最高,而J′指数月变化相对较恒定。同时,研究结果表明茅尾海红树林水域是爪哇拟虾虎鱼和美肩鳃鳚等仔稚鱼的重要保育场所,并对当地渔业资源具有一定的补充作用。
From July 2012 to June 2013, the species diversity of juvenile larvae in marsh tide in Maweihai of Guangxi was investigated. A total of 11 691 juveniles were collected, of which 24 species were identified, belonging to 8 orders 15 families and 18 genera. The larval ecotypes are mainly offshore waters. Pseudogobius javanicus was the most abundant species, accounting for 53.29% of the total number of individuals, followed by Omobranchus elegans, accounting for 28.49% of the total number of individuals. In addition, the composition of larvae changed obviously with time. The numbers of juvenile larvae and individuals were the lowest in autumn and the highest in spring. The monthly changes of Margalef abundance index (Dma), Shannon’s diversity index (H ’) and Pielou’s evenness index (J’) showed that the Dma, H ’and J’ indices were all lower from August to October in 2012, H ’index, the Dma index highest in May 2013, while the J’ index monthly change is relatively constant. At the same time, the results show that Mawei sea mangroves waters are important conservation sites for juveniles such as Javanese goby and American gills, and have some supplemental effects on the local fishery resources.