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目的:调查北京地区主要吸入性变应原。方法:采用20种标准化变应原对北京地区554例变应性鼻炎患者进行皮肤点刺试验。并将样本中81例4～18岁的患者设为儿童组,401例19～60岁的患者设为成人组。比较两组在变应原阳性率分布上的差异。结果:变应原皮肤实验阳性率前8位的变应原分别为粉尘螨(64.6%)、屋尘螨(64.3%)、花(28.7%)、杂草(26.5%)、藜(13.7%)、树Ⅱ(13.5%)、大豚草(12.5%)及树Ⅰ(12.5%)。儿童组中对粉尘螨和屋尘螨的敏感程度明显高于成人组(P<0.01)。结论:尘螨、夏秋花粉及杂草花粉是北京地区最重要的变应原。
Objective: To investigate the major inhaled allergens in Beijing. Methods: Skin prick tests were conducted in 554 patients with allergic rhinitis in Beijing using 20 kinds of standardized allergens. Eighty-one 81 patients aged 4-18 years were enrolled as children group, and 401 patients aged 19-60 years were enrolled as adult group. Differences in allergen positive rate distribution between the two groups were compared. Results: The allergens of the first 8 allergens were dermatophagoides pteronyssinus (64.6%), house dust mites (64.3%), flowers (28.7%), weeds ), Tree II (13.5%), big ragweed (12.5%) and tree I (12.5%). Children in the group of dust mites and house dust mite sensitivity was significantly higher than the adult group (P <0.01). Conclusion: Dust mites, summer and autumn pollen and weed pollen are the most important allergens in Beijing.