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直到大约两年前,地震反射数据的常规处理都是利用共中心点(CMP)叠加模型进行的。这样,大量地震数据经过计算机仅做了相当简单的计算,而且在把反射波偏到它们真正地下位置的精细处理之前。共中心点叠加会使记录数据减少到原来的12,14,30或60分之一,甚至更多。为了维持记录的地震反射数据的全空间分辨率,已认识到需要进行某种类型的叠前偏移处理。于是提出了与共中心点叠加(CMP)模型相反的共反射点(CRP)叠加模型。本文将介绍一个 CRP 叠加的简单射线路径法,并对较普通的方法—即所谓的叠前全偏移和叠前部分偏移进行定量讨论。最后介绍这些方法的计算效果。
Until about two years ago, the conventional processing of seismic reflection data was done using a co-centered point (CMP) overlay model. In this way, a large amount of seismic data passes through the computer only for a relatively simple calculation, before the fine processing of the reflected waves to their true subsurface position. Co-center stacking reduces the recorded data by 12, 14, 30 or 60, or more. In order to maintain the full spatial resolution of recorded seismic reflection data, it has been recognized that some type of prestack migration processing is required. Thus, a co-reflectivity point (CRP) superposition model opposite to the common-center point superposition (CMP) model was proposed. This article will introduce a simple ray path method for CRP stacking, and discuss quantitatively the more common methods, the so-called pre-stack total migration and prestack migration. Finally, the calculation results of these methods are introduced.