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月球着陆器在着陆过程中会产生巨大的冲击作用。为了研究月壤材料对着陆器的缓冲作用,文章针对月壤在细观尺度下的离散分布特性,采用离散元方法建立月壤的计算分析模型。在此基础上,简化着陆器模型仅考虑着陆腿的缓冲性能,对着陆过程中着陆器与月壤相互作用的动力冲击过程进行数值分析。通过调整着陆器的质量以及着陆速度,对着陆器着陆过程中的冲击深度、加速度以及冲击力进行了计算分析,研究了月壤对着陆器的缓冲性能。计算结果表明,月壤材料对着陆器有很好的缓冲作用,这为实现安全稳定的软着陆提供了新的研究方向。采用离散元方法分析着陆器在着陆冲击过程中冲击力的变化规律有助于着陆器结构的合理设计和安全性能评估。
The lunar lander will have a huge impact on the landing. In order to study the buffering effect of lunar soil on the lander, a discrete element method was used to establish the model of lunar soil for the discrete distribution of lunar soil at the mesoscale. On this basis, the simplified lander model only considers the cushioning performance of the landing leg and carries out numerical analysis of the dynamic impact process of the interaction between lander and lunar soil during landing. By adjusting the quality of the lander and the landing speed, the impact depth, acceleration and impact force during landing of the lander are calculated and analyzed, and the cushioning performance of lunar soil on the lander is studied. The calculated results show that the lunar soil material has a good buffering effect on the lander, which provides a new research direction for achieving a safe and stable soft landing. The discrete element method is used to analyze the variation of impact force of landing gear during landing impact, which is helpful to the reasonable design and safety evaluation of lander structure.