高热惊厥是儿科常见急症之一,发病率较高,多数病儿呈良性经过,不影响生长发育.但有一部分严重高热惊厥可造成缺氧性脑损伤,一部分与癫痫关系密切.为保障儿童智力发育,应引起重视.病因和发病机理1、年龄因素:高热惊厥有着明显的年龄特征,这与该年龄阶段脑的解剖、生理、生化等各方面处于快速发展的状态,脑的兴奋和抑制的动态平衡处于不稳定状态有密切关系.由于小儿脑组织发育不成熟,神经细胞的结构简单,皮层分化不全,髓鞘生成缺乏,神经元的树突发育不完善,耗氧量高,从而造成惊厥阈的降低,故容易出现惊厥.此年龄特征以及脑发育的成熟程度对于高热惊厥发病的重要影响,也可从性别的发病率的差异方面看出来.高热惊厥的发病率男多于女,这可能是由于女 Convulsive fever is one of the common pediatric emergency, the incidence is higher, most of the sick children were benign, does not affect the growth and development, but there are some severe febrile seizures can cause hypoxic brain injury, part of the relationship with epilepsy .In order to protect children’s intelligence Development, should pay attention to .Etiology and pathogenesis 1, age factors: febrile seizures have obvious age characteristics, which with the age of brain anatomy, physiology, biochemistry and other aspects in the rapid development of state of excitement and inhibition of the brain Dynamic balance is not stable in a close relationship.Because the development of immature brain tissue in children, the simple structure of nerve cells, cortical dysplasia, lack of myelination, neuronal dendritic development imperfect, resulting in high oxygen consumption, resulting in Convulsive threshold decreased, it is prone to convulsions.This age characteristics and the maturity of brain development for the incidence of febrile seizures can also be seen from the differences in the incidence of gender can be seen.The incidence of febrile seizures more than men, This may be due to women