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中华民族不仅是一个具有崇高美德的民族,而且是一个聪明智慧、富有科学精神的民族。中华民族以伟大的科学精神,哺育了炎黄子孙的聪明才智,创造了灿烂的古代文明和古代科学技术成就,做出了许多对人类文明发展有决定性影响的科学贡献,许多科技成果至今依然放射着智慧的光芒。一项历史资料记载:在公元15世纪以前,世界上最重要的近300项发明和发现中,中国就占据了173项,远远超过同时代的欧洲。中华民族的发明创造成果不仅多,而且紧密结合生产,重视技术性和实用性,以解决实际应用问题而著称。由于重视实用技术,我国古代科学技术的生命力和社会作用,是世界各国所不能比的。本篇所写的蔡伦改进造纸术和张衡发明地动仪两则故事,都雄辩地说明,人类历史上一些最基本的技术,正是从中华大地上生长起来的。然而,由于封建统治的反动腐败,思想封闭,当16世纪西方文艺复兴提倡科学精神,那时我们就开始显出差距。特别是到了清代屡遭列强侵略,积贫积弱,与18世纪英国工业革命后科学技术迅速发展相比,我国的科技更大大落后于西方。新中国成立后,科技事业虽有了突飞猛进的成就,但也走了不少弯路。在改革开放的历史新时期,经
The Chinese nation is not only a nation with lofty virtues, but also a nation of wisdom, science and science. The Chinese nation, with its great scientific spirit, has nurtured the brilliant talents of the proletariat, has created brilliant ancient civilizations and achievements in ancient science and technology, and has made many scientific contributions that have a decisive influence on the development of human civilization. Many scientific and technological achievements still radiate Wisdom of wisdom. According to a historical record, China accounted for 173 of the nearly 300 inventions and discoveries that were most important in the world before the 15th century AD, far more than the contemporary Europe. The invention and creation of the Chinese nation not only have many achievements, but also are closely linked with production, attaching importance to technology and practicality, and are well known for solving practical application problems. Due to the importance of practical technology, the vitality and social role of ancient science and technology in our country can not be compared with other countries in the world. The paper by Cai Lun in this article, and the two stories that Zhang invented, refer to the eloquence, eloquently illustrate that some of the most basic techniques in human history grew out of the land of China. However, because of the reactionary corruption of the feudal rule and the closed-mindedness, when the Western Renaissance in the 16th century advocated the spirit of science, then we began to show the gap. Especially after the Qing Dynasty was repeatedly subjected to aggression by the powers and strongholds, poverty and weakness were weakened. Compared with the rapid development of science and technology after the British Industrial Revolution in the 18th century, China’s science and technology lagged far behind the West. After the founding of New China, although the cause of science and technology has made rapid progress, but also take a lot of detours. In the new historical period of reform and opening up,